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Bhuvaneswari, K.

Evaluation of Weather-Based Crop Insurance Products for Kharif Groundnut

Abstract Views :248 | PDF Views:89

Authors

S. Kokilavani ¹, V. Geethalakshmi ¹, K. Bhuvaneswari ¹, A. Lakshmanan ¹

Affiliations
1 Agro Climate Research Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 107, No 11 (2014), Pagination: 1866-1871

Abstract

Weather-based crop insurance scheme (WBCIS) products proposed by four insurance providers was compared and evaluated using historical weather data for piloting WBCIS on kharif groundnut in Coimbatore, Dharmapuri, Theni, Tirunelveli and Virudhunagar districts of Tamil Nadu. Water deficits during the vegetative phases of groundnut crop generally delay flowering and maturity thereby reducing the crop growth and yield. The study revealed that the deficit rainfall risk was more pronounced in all the abovementioned districts, whereas the risk of excess rainfall impact could be clearly observed in Theni district. Though the occurrence of strike events was for phase- I of deficit rainfall cover, the rate per mm of rainfall fixed by IFFCO-TOKYO was quite low. The product designed for HDFC-ERGO and MS-Cholamandalam was similar, whereas the product for AIC and IFFCO-TOKYO was designed with little variation in context to excess rainfall cover and consecutive dry days. The compensation benefit realized by the farmers of Virudhunagar and Dharmapuri districts was higher followed by Theni because the compensation rate per mm of rainfall fixed by the company was higher, which favours the farmers.

Keywords

Insurance Companies, Payout, Product Design, Strike Events.

Full Text

The Impacts of Climate Change on Tamil Nadu Rainfed Maize Production:A Multi-Model Approach to Identify Sensitivities and Uncertainties

Abstract Views :234 | PDF Views:79

Authors

Sonali McDermid ¹, R. Gowtham ², K. Bhuvaneswari ², Geethalakshmi Vellingiri ², Lakshmanan Arunachalam ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Environmental Studies, New York University, New York, US
2 Agro Climate Research Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 110, No 7 (2016), Pagination: 1257-1271

Abstract

This study evaluates the impacts of climate change on maize yields in Tamil Nadu, and assesses the efficacy of adaptation strategies, using a novel multi-climate, multi-crop model approach based on AgMIP Protocols (www.agmip.org). While the climate models displayed consistent changes to rainfall and temperature, substantial uncertainty exists between the different climate-crop model responses that warrant further study. Adaptation strategies proved beneficial under a current climate context, but showed diminished efficacy under future climate conditions. We recommend that future work focus on identifying the main sources of climate-crop model uncertainty, and that additional work may focus on more transformative adaptation measures.

Keywords

Adaptation, Climate Change, Crop Model, Climate Model, Maize.

Full Text

Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Rice Using Controlled Environment Chamber in Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract Views :262 | PDF Views:96

Authors

V. Geethalakshmi ¹, K. Bhuvaneswari ¹, A. Lakshmanan ¹, Nagothu Udaya Sekhar ²

Affiliations
1 Tamil Nadu Agriculture University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
2 Bioforsk, Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, Fr. A. Dahlsvei 20, NO-1430 Ås, NO

Source

Current Science, Vol 112, No 10 (2017), Pagination: 2066-2072

Abstract

Impacts of elevated temperature and carbon dioxide (CO₂) enrichment on rice were assessed by carrying out an experiment with four dates of planting (1 June and 15 June, 1 and 15 July) during 2014 under two different environmental conditions, viz. ambient and modified (climate control chamber) with +4°C compared to the ambient temperature and CO₂ enrichment of 650 ppm. Crops grown under modified environment recorded reduced growth characters (leaf area index, dry matter production, number of tillers m^-2), lesser dry matter partitioning towards grain, yield attributes (number of productive tillers m^-2, number of filled grains panicle^-1) and lower grain yields compared to those grown under ambient condition. Crops subjected to elevated temperature and enriched CO₂ attained panicle initiation, flowering and maturity earlier than those under open ambient condition.

Keywords

Ambient and Modified Environment, Climate Change Impact, Elevated Temperature, Enriched Carbon Dioxide, Rice.

Full Text

References

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Bioavailability of Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon in Long-Term Sewage-Drained Soils of Tamil Nadu

Abstract Views :218 | PDF Views:73

Authors

Veeramani Kathavarayan ¹, S. Avudainayagam ¹, K. Sara Parwin Banu ¹, N. Chandrasekharan ², S. Karthikeyan ³, K. Bhuvaneswari ⁴, P. T. Ramesh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Environmental Science, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
2 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
3 Department of Bioenergy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN
4 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 117, No 3 (2019), Pagination: 448-459

Abstract

Heavy metals and organic contaminants are reported in sewage discharged sites. Screening and assessment of their toxic concentration in soils of the discharged sites of major cities in Tamil Nadu, India have been carried out in the present study. The major cities included Coimbatore (Ukkadam; U), Madurai (Avanaiyapuram; A), Tiruchirappalli (Rettamalai; R), Nesapakkam (N) and Koyambedu (K) Chennai Corporation. The total aquaregia-extractable concentrations of cadmium, chromium, lead and nickel were measured and found to be highest in U, followed by A, R, N and K. Their potential bioavailabilities were quantified in the following order: Cd – N > U > K > R > A; Cr – N > A > K > R > U; Pb – N > K > R; U > A; Ni – N > K > R > U > A. Bioavailable Factor was found to be highest for Cd in U (2.9%–83%) followed by Cr in N (1.1%–62.3%) and Ni in (1.70%– 52.7%) N. With regard to organic contamination, the major pesticides belonged to 13 organochlorine, 10 organophosphate and 8 synthetic pyrethroids reported below detectable concentration. Among the 16 US EPA priority poly aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) only 15 were detected. However, PAHs were found to be less than the permissible concentration for soils (0.3 mg kg^–1) in sewage-contaminated sites. The results show that there is potential risk of transfer of heavy metals to higher trophic level of the food chain.

Keywords

Heavy Metals, Health Risk, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon, Sewage Contamination.

Full Text

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Dissipation and Degradation Kinetics of Commonly Used Pesticides and their Metabolites In/On Okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench

Abstract Views :121 | PDF Views:72

Authors

C. Meenambigai ¹, K. Bhuvaneswari ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia 741 252, IN
2 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 124, No 4 (2023), Pagination: 442-450

Abstract

Based on the dissipation pattern and degradation kinetics study of pesticides in okra, the average initial deposit of dimethoate and acephate was comparatively higher than emamectin benzoate and flubendiamide. Acephate residues persisted much longer, while, emamectin benzoate persisted for a shorter time. Acephate metabolized to methamidophos on 1 day after treatment. Desido flubendiamide residues were not detected. Okra being harvested on alternate days, following a pre-harvest interval of 24 days after acephate application, is not possible. Thus, usage of acephate at the flowering stage in okra poses the risk of residue detection in the harvested produce. Following a pre-harvest interval of 3–11 days after spraying dimethoate, emamectin benzoate and flubendiamide are mandatory for the safe consumption of okra.

Keywords

Acephate, Dissipation, Dimethoate, Emamectin Benzoate, Half-Life, Okra.

Full Text

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Degradation Behaviour, Impact of Post-Harvest Processing and Dietary Risk Assessment of Frequently Detected Pesticides in Curry Leaves

Abstract Views :51 | PDF Views:44

Authors

K. Bhuvaneswari ¹, J. Kousika ¹, P. Anuradha ¹, V. Muralitharan ¹, P. Karthik ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 125, No 4 (2023), Pagination: 422-427

Abstract

Supervised field experiments were conducted to study the dissipation of ethion, chlorpyriphos, profenophos, carbendazim and cypermethrin in curry leaves. An analytical method was developed in line with the SANTE guideline on the method validation procedure for pesticide residue analysis. The validated method showed good recovery (70–120%) and repeatability (<20%). The limit of detection and limit of quantification were determined as 0.01 and 0.05 mg/kg respectively, for all analytes, except cypermethrin (0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg respectively). The mean initial deposit of pesticides analysed ranged from 9.53 to 93.92 mg/kg with a half-life of <8 days. Except for ethion, the dietary risk assessment for women, men and children was at an acceptable level.

Keywords

Curry Leaves, Dietary Risk, Dissipation, Method Validation, Processing Factor, Residue.

Full Text

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